AmplifierCircuits

In this article I want to talk about and show how you can calculate the subwoofer and what you should pay attention when designing in the following programs: WinISD 0.44, WinISD 0.50a7. Detailed description of the program WinISD . Payment will be made ​​for a box of ten-inch speaker Audiobahn 1051T. Let's start! Run the program WinISD 0.50a7 1. Create a new project (New Project).  2. By pressing this button, select the speaker of the database program.  3. View the T / S parameters. 4. T / S parameters. Click on (Next) 5. Selecting the number of speakers.  6. Type of installation. Normal - all the speakers are on the same panel. Isobaric speakers are face to face. Click on (Next) 7. Efficiency speaker. Shows what type of housing is more suitable.  8. Selecting the type of box. Sealed box - the name speaks for itself Vented - box equipped with a pipe (Bass reflex). Band pass 4t...

The figure shows a circuit diagram of car crossover (cr ossover) for the subwoofer. The input stage of the transistor Q1 is a differential summing amplifier, and the switch S1 is used to switch polarity. Switched-capacitor filter with a slope of 24 dB per octave (chip IC1) is the basis of continuously tunable filter. Potentiometer R13 controls the filter cutoff frequency on the chip IC1, adjusting its clock speed. Because the switched-capacitor filters, by definition, work with discrete signals at the input of IC1 should be restrictive filter (antialiasing). Such a low pass filter of the second order constructed by transistors Q2 and Q3 and associated elements. The output signal of IC1 via pin 5 served on a subsonic filter with the possibility of lifting the lowest frequencies. When switch S2 is closed, then on the rise of the frequency characteristic occurs. Additional filtering is provided by infrasound capacitors C1 and C2 directly to the input of the crossover. The resistor R1...

The scheme is designed to protect against inrush current when the battery uncharged capacitor on-board network. Who has not tried to include uncharged faradnik network without limiting resistor - better not ... At a minimum, get burnt contacts. When you turn the discharged capacity in network capacity C1 is discharged, T1 (n-MOSFET switch with low channel resistance) is closed.Capacitance C2 (the same faradnik) is charged through a low-resistance R5. T2 opens almost instantly, the shunt to ground C1 and T1 gate.When the potential negative terminal C2 falls below 1V (charge to Uakb - 1B), T2 closes smoothly C1 is charged to about 9/10 Uakb opening T1. The time constant R2C1 is large enough so that the current surge T1 (pre-charge C2 +1 V to Uakb) does not exceed the rating for T1. In the future, the negative terminal of C2 constantly shorted to ground through T1, regardless of the direction CURRENT T1 (both literally - from drain to source, and in the opposite directio...

It is known that for many motorists machine evolved into something more than just a means of transportation. After all, the person conducting the wheel for several hours a day, not only wants to listen to the local news, but good music. However, high-quality automotive interior equipping reproducing unit, few who can manage only industrial products. In recent years in the amateur literature appeared many publications devoted to independent manufacturing automotive audio equipment, mainly amplifiers. But even a good amplifier does not solve all the problems faced by the creator of Sound Hi-Fi class for its attitude avtomobilya.Skepticheskoe many motorists to leave such systems due primarily illiterate approach to installing speakers in the cabin.Unfortunately, in most cases, they are placed in the car according to the principle "to fit", not "where it is necessary." However, an unambiguous answer to the question - "Where else do you want?" - Does not ex...

Noise music enemy number one, and to successfully deal with it, we must first understand its nature. The first cause of outsiders (and therefore undesirable) sounds obvious. This noise transmitted from outside the cabin. The second factor leading to vehicle noise, vibration occurring when the machine is moving: vibrations propagating through structural elements are emitted into the cabin noise and form.Vibration source can be the engine, transmission, suspension and trim body resonance of individual elements, mechanical shocks, etc. By the way, the speakers work often gives rise to interference resonances. In turn, the materials that are to become an insurmountable obstacle to the noise, separated by counter methods (reflection, absorption, damping), typical application areas (doors, engine compartment, wheel arches, floor, ceiling), and its physical structure (liquid, foam, spray, solid). Therefore specialize in this area manufacturers approach the problem in a comprehensi...

In the development and research of electronic equipment in the laboratory one of the most important components of the measurement equipment is a universal source of test signals. Function generator, working in a range of sound frequencies, was developed based on a microcontroller. It is based on generator circuit described in [Radiohobby, 2000, № 5, p. 79]. The analysis of this scheme it was revealed a significant disadvantage. Because the counter is formed by two functional elements, the logic levels on the address pins are not installed simultaneously, which leads to the appearance of high-frequency emissions of the generator output. Developed device devoid of these deficiencies. Generated output waveform (saw, triangle, sine, square wave) programmed in flash-memory. The generator used firmware contained in [Radiohobby, 2000, № 5, p. 79]. Schematic diagram of the function generator is shown in Fig. 1. The main technical parameters: Range of generated frequencies, Hz  0 ...

In 2002, the largest consumer electronics manufacturers such as Hitachi, Philips, Sony, Toshiba and others, proposed a new interface High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI). He became the first fully digital interface for transmitting uncompressed video and audio streams, while it is backward compatible with DVI, which transmits a digital video stream. HDMI interface is constantly evolving. Today there are several versions with different numbers. The first version of HDMI 1.0 appeared in 2002.The latest HDMI 1.3 was approved in June 2006. Each version uses the same hardware specs and cable, but offers extra capacity and the types of information that can be transmitted via HDMI. For example, HDMI 1.0 supports a maximum speed of 4.9 Gbit / s, while HDMI 1.3 - has 10.2 Gb / s. Below is a summary of the versions of HDMI. HDMI 1.0 - 12/2002  One cable for transmitting digital stream audio / video with maximum throughput of 4.9 Gb / s. Supports video stream up to ...